Firmware reversing of the Barracuda Web Application Firewall uncovered development artifacts that should have been removed on the production images. Once the encryption scheme was broken, many QA and development tools were discovered on the affected partitions. Some of these contained sensitive information such as authentication credentials used by internal developers. Firmware version 8.0.1.014 is affected.
294601501b6c14d834d8d86848392759KL-001-2017-011 : Barracuda WAF Internal Development Credential Disclosure
Title: Barracuda WAF Internal Development Credential Disclosure
Advisory ID: KL-001-2017-011
Publication Date: 2017.07.06
Publication URL: https://www.korelogic.com/Resources/Advisories/KL-001-2017-011.txt
1. Vulnerability Details
Affected Vendor: Barracuda
Affected Product: Web Application Firewall V360
Affected Version: Firmware v8.0.1.014
Platform: Embedded Linux
CWE Classification: CWE-489: Leftover Debug Code, CWE-200: Information Exposure
Impact: Privileged Access
Attack vector: Code Review
2. Vulnerability Description
Firmware reversing of the Barracuda Web Application Firewall
uncovered development artifacts that should have been removed
on the production images. Once the encryption scheme was broken,
many QA and development tools were discovered on the affected
partitions. Some of these contained sensitive information such
as authentication credentials used by internal developers.
3. Technical Description
root@(none):/realroot/root# grep -ri "bospw" *|more
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: 'BOSPW' => undef,
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: my $bospw = $self->_retrieve_bos_pw();
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: $self->_set_BOSPW($bospw);
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: my $bospw = Postbuild::get_bos_pw();
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: my $url =
"https://$bospw\@ops.barracudanetworks.com:443/cgi-old/createserialkey.cgi?model=$tmpmodel&date=$date&mac=$tmpMAC&revision=$tmprevision&hw=$tmphw&devel=$devel&vm=$vm&
platform=$platform&buildkey=$bdvers";
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: $bospw = Postbuild::get_bos_pw();
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: $url =
"https://$bospw\@ops.barracudanetworks.com:443/cgi-old/createserialkey.cgi?model=$tmpmodel&date=$date&mac=$tmpMAC&revision=$tmprevision&hw=$tmphw&devel=$devel&vm=$vm
&platform=$platform&dest_country=$ship_code&buildkey=$bdvers";
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: my $bospw;
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: if ( -f "/root/bospw" ) {
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: open IN, "/root/bospw";
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: $bospw = <IN>;
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: chomp($bospw);
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: $bospw = "manufacturing:N3rfH3rders";
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: return $bospw;
newfile/lib/Stub.pm:sub _get_BOSPW() {
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: return $self->{'BOSPW'};
newfile/lib/Stub.pm:sub _set_BOSPW() {
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: my ($self, $BOSPW) = @_;
newfile/lib/Stub.pm: $self->{'BOSPW'} = $BOSPW;
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: my $bospw = "manufacturing:N3rfH3rders";
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: if( -f "/root/bospw" ) {
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: open IN, "/root/bospw";
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: $bospw = <IN>;
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: chomp($bospw);
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: return $bospw;
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: my $bospw = get_bos_pw();
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: my $url =
"https://$bospw\@ops.barracuda.com:443/cgi-old/createserialkey.cgi?model=$tmpmodel&date=$date&mac=$tmpMAC&revision=$tmprevision&hw=$tmphw&devel=$devel&vm=$vm&pl
atform=$platform&bdvers=$bdvers";
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: $url =
"https://$bospw\@ops.barracuda.com:443/cgi-old/createserialkey.cgi?model=$tmpmodel&date=$date&mac=$tmpMAC&revision=$tmprevision&hw=$tmphw&devel=$devel&vm=$
vm&platform=$platform&dest_country=$ship_code&bdvers=$bdvers";
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: my $bospw = get_bos_pw();
newfile/lib/Postbuild.pm: my $url =
"https://$bospw\@ops.barracudanetworks.com:443/~order/prod_void.cgi?void_serial=$serial";
postbuild-code-platform-2.tar.gz.integrit:!/root/bospw
qaclear: unlink("/root/bospw");
qaclear.2:unlink("/root/bospw");
qapass:my @bospw = ("manufacturing:N3rfH3rders");
qapass:my $extrabospw = injectAndGet("__METHOD__://__POSTBUILDIP__/postbuild/files/os_updates2/root/bospw", {
METHOD => [ "http", "https" ], POSTBUILDIP => [ "mfg-postbuild.englab.cudanet.local" ] }, 10
);
qapass:if( defined($extrabospw) ) {
qapass: unshift @bospw, split(/\n/, $extrabospw);
qapass: $url = "https://__BOSPW__\@__BOSIP__/~order/prod_accept.cgi?serial=$serial&wh=$warehouse&firmware=$firmware"
qapass: $url = "https://__BOSPW__\@__BOSIP__/~order/prod_accept.cgi?serial=$serial&firmware=$firmware";
qapass:if (!defined(injectAndGet($url, { BOSPW => \@bospw, BOSIP => \@bosip } ))) {
qapass:$url = "https://__BOSPW__\@__BOSIP__/cgi-bin/get_serial_status.cgi?serial=$serial";
qapass:my $content = injectAndGet($url, { BOSPW => \@bospw, BOSIP => \@bosip } );
qapass:$url =
"https://__BOSPW__\@__BOSIP__/cgi-bin/shipping.cgi?option=qadocs&xlist=1&box_label=1&printer_loc=manufacturing&submit=Print&serial_id=$serial&override=$serial$loc_string";
qapass: $url =
"https://__BOSPW__\@__BOSIP__/cgi-bin/shipping.cgi?option=qadocs&xlist=1&box_label=1&link_code=1&printer_loc=manufacturing&submit=Print&serial_id=$serial&override=$serial$loc_string";
qapass:if( !defined(injectAndGet($url, { BOSPW => \@bospw, BOSIP => \@bosip })) ) {
qapass:$url =
"https://__BOSPW__\@__BOSIP__/cgi-bin/shipping.cgi?option=qadocs&serial_label=1&printer_loc=manufacturing&submit=Print&serial_id=$serial&override=$serial$loc_string";
qapass:if( !defined(injectAndGet($url, { BOSPW => \@bospw, BOSIP => \@bosip })) ) {
4. Mitigation and Remediation Recommendation
The vendor has patched this vulnerability in the lastest
virtual appliance release.
5. Credit
This vulnerability was discovered by Matt Bergin (@thatguylevel)
of KoreLogic, Inc. and Joshua Hardin.
6. Disclosure Timeline
2016.12.20 - KoreLogic sends vulnerability report and PoC to
Barracuda.
2016.12.21 - Barracuda acknowledges receipt of the vulnerability
report.
2017.01.09 - Barracuda informs KoreLogic that they are working
on remediation for this issue.
2017.01.26 - Barracuda asks for additional time beyond the
standard 45 business day embargo to address this
and other issues reported by KoreLogic.
2017.02.27 - 45 business days have elapsed since the issue was
reported.
2017.04.10 - 75 business days have elapsed since the issue was
reported.
2017.05.15 - 100 business days have elapsed since the issue was
reported.
2017.05.24 - Barracuda updates KoreLogic on the status of the
remediation efforts.
2017.06.13 - 120 business days have elapsed since the issue was
reported.
2017.06.27 - Barracuda informs KoreLogic that the issue has
been fixed in the latest release of the WAF
virtual appliance.
2017.07.06 - KoreLogic public disclosure.
7. Proof of Concept
See 3. Technical Description
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